直接引语和间接引语是宾语从句范畴。直接引述其他人的原话，叫直接引语;用我们的话转述其他人的话，或引用自己说过的话，叫间接引语。
1、直接引语和间接引语：在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。在书写时,直接引语用引号。用我们的词汇来转述表达原来讲话人说的内容,称为间接引语。
2、直接引语改变为间接引语：
1、直接引语若是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点：
①不需要引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。
②人称作相应变化;
③主句里的动词若是过去时,间接引语中的时态通常应作相应改变： 通常目前时变通常过去时;通常以后时变过去以后时;目前进行时变过去进行时;目前完成时变成过去完成时;通常过去时变成过去完成时;但通常过去时如与一个具体的过去时间连用,则时态不变。
如：He says,I am not from the USA.”→He says that he is not from the USA.
Mr Smith said to his girl friend,“ I haven’ t seen you for a long time.”
→Mr Smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for a long time.
2、直接引语若是通常疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用从属连接词whether或if引导,词序要改变。如：Lin Tao said to Miss Green, Is it made in China?” →Lin Tao asked Miss Green if it was made in China.
3、直接引语若是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用疑问词引导,词序是：连词+主语+谓语。
如：Lucy said to me, “How can I help?” →Lucy asked me how she could help.
4、直接引语如是祈使句,变间接引语时,须将祈使句变为动词不定式,并在动词不定式前用tell, ask, order. 如：He said to the little boy,“ Come here, young man! ”
→He asked the little boy to go there.
